The RHS Facebook page is a rich archive of history-related posts by Carol Flynn, RHS Facebook admin and writer until mid-2025. Carol prolifically wrote a wide variety of meticulously researched local history articles for RHS. She continues to write for the Beverly Review and other media sources with articles particularly focused on local Ridge history.
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Teachers and Schools of the Ridge
Last week was Teacher Appreciation Week, May 5 -9, which inspired the exploration of the role teachers and schools have played in the development of the Ridge communities.
This post got delayed for a few days because of the excitement surrounding new Pope Leo XIV, Robert Francis Provost, who not only is American, but came from the south Chicagoland area.
His election ties in well with this theme because he is from an education background. His father was a teacher and Fr. Provost himself taught math part-time at Mendel High School and was a substitute teacher of physics at St. Rita High School.
As the head of the Midwest Provincial of the Augustinians, he oversaw schools run by the Order of St. Augustine (OSA) in the U.S. He was then named Prior General of the entire Augustinian Order and was responsible for schools throughout the world.
Teachers and schools have been a major part of Ridge history since the earliest days of settlement.
One of the first permanent settlers on the Ridge was William Barnard, a graduate of Amherst University in Massachusetts.
Deciding to seek new opportunities in the West, in 1846 he made it as far as Chicago, where he had a chance encounter with Thomas Morgan, the wealthy Englishman who bought over 3,000 acres of land on top of and surrounding the Blue Island Ridge. Morgan talked Barnard into taking a job as tutor for Morgan’s children. Barnard moved to the Ridge, and other family members soon followed, including his sister, Alice Lucretia Barnard.
Alice was educated in Massachusetts and later she attended Mount Holyoke Seminary. She began her teaching career at age 17 in Chicago in a one-room schoolhouse. She eventually became one of the first women principals of a Chicago public school.
Alice received considerable newspaper coverage in her lifetime – she was a celebrity in Chicago. She was described by the Chicago Tribune as “one of the best known teachers in Chicago.”
In 1890, the Washington Heights School was severely damaged by fire. It was closed for a few years while it was rebuilt, and in 1892 the school reopened, now named for Alice L. Barnard. The school is at 10354 S. Charles St.
The Ridge also had Elizabeth Sutherland, and the school named for her is at 100th and Leavitt Streets. “Bessie” was born as Elizabeth Bingle Huntington in Blue Island in 1851. Her father, Samuel D. Huntington, farmed and raised livestock, was involved in the railroads, and was Constable and Sheriff. Her mother, Maria Robinson Huntington, was likely the first schoolteacher on the Ridge.
In 1883, Bessie was named Principal of the Washington Heights School. She was the first woman to be named principal of a Cook County school. As reported above, after a fire, the school was renamed the Alice L. Barnard School.
Bessie Huntington married David Sutherland on her 43rd birthday. Back then, women teachers were not allowed to marry and keep their jobs. Alice Barnard never married.
Kate Starr Kellogg was another legendary teacher in Chicago who has a school at 92nd and S. Leavitt Streets named for her. She was born in New York, and when the family moved to the Chicago area, they established their family farm on the land at 95th Street and Hamilton Ave. where Little Company of Mary Hospital is now located.
Kate was named a Chicago district superintendent in 1909. She introduced parent-teacher associations, and supported teachers’ unions.
Two other Kellogg daughters were also teachers. Harriet taught with the Chicago Public Schools. Alice Kellogg Tyler became a well-known artist who taught at the School of the Art Institute of Chicago.
It has long been folklore that Robert Givins built his castle at 103rd St. and Longwood Drive for an elusive fiancée from Ireland who haunts the place. In reality, when he built the castle, his wife was Emma Steen, a Chicago public school teacher of Norwegian descent. Through the Chicago Woman’s Club, she championed domestic science education programs, the forerunner of Home Economics.
Morgan Park was founded as an education enclave. The Mount Vernon Military Academy, which became today’s Morgan Park Academy, was founded in 1874.
The Female College was founded in 1874 on top of the Ridge near 114th Street and Lothair Avenue. The Thayer family, Gilbert and daughter Julia, were the well-respected educators who ran that college. For a few years, the College operated out of the Givins Castle, but it was eventually absorbed into the University of Chicago.
The Baptist Union Theological Seminary was founded in 1865 along with the “Old” University of Chicago. George W. Northrup was President and Professor of Systematic Theology.
In 1877, Northrup and the Baptist Seminary were enticed to move to Morgan Park, near today’s 111th Street and Western Avenue.
Some very prominent educators related to the Baptist Seminary lived in Morgan Park. In addition to Northrup, there were William Rainey Harper, an acclaimed scholar, and Thomas Wakefield Goodspeed, a founder of the Morgan Park Baptist Church.
When the old University of Chicago closed in 1886, it was envisioned a new University of Chicago would replace it, built around the Baptist Seminary, in Morgan Park, but the decision was ultimately made to establish the new university in Hyde Park. Harper became the first president of the new university.
One of the major issues in Morgan Park’s decision to annex to the City of Chicago revolved around the community getting its own high school – Morgan Park High School. It wasn’t until the community residents were assured that the high school they were raising funds to build would not be impeded in any way by the city that the Village of Morgan Park finally voted to annex to the city.
Teachers living in Beverly were major leaders of the kindergarten and playground movements in the late 1800s.
This included all five of the Hofer sisters – Mari, Bertha, Amalie, Andrea, and Elizabeth.
Mari excelled in music education for children in a variety of professional locations. Bertha started the first kindergarten in Chicago and later became the president of Columbia College Chicago. Amalie and Andrea started the Kindergarten Literature Co. Amalie was principal of Bertha’s school and a founder of the Playground Association of America. Andrea and Elizabeth started the Froebellian School for Young Women to train kindergarten teachers in North Beverly, and in the summers, they ran the school as the Longwood Summer School.
Elizabeth’s husband George Lawrence Schreiber was an artist/teacher, just one of many well-known artist/teachers who lived on the Ridge, including John H. Vanderpoel, the first head of the School of the Art Institute of Chicago, and his sister, Matilda, who also taught there.
Other art teachers included Louise Barwick and Ida Casson Heffron, and more recently, Jack Simmerling.
Trade schools, or “industrial arts schools,” were also addressed by people like Madame Alla Ripley, a fashion designer and influencer who lived here. She advocated for teaching the making of fine items by hand and lectured on creative dressmaking. She worked toward the development of an industrial arts school in Chicago. Classes were started at the School of the Art Institute of Chicago in the late 1920s.
The Howe family had two famous educators. Edward was a science teacher, author of books on science education, and principal of the U. of Illinois Preparatory School in Champaign-Urbana.
Annie Lyon Howe established the Glory Kindergarten in Kobe, Japan, which became the model for kindergartens throughout that country. She lived there for 40 years.
The Loring School for Girls was a private school that flourished in Beverly at 107th St. and Longwood Drive. Started in 1876 by Stella Dyer Loring, daughter of Charles Volney Dyer, physician in the 1830s for Fort Dearborn and an ardent abolitionist, it moved to Beverly in 1935. It closed its doors in 1962.
Mount Greenwood is home to two prestigious education institutions.
St. Xavier University was founded as a “female academy” by the Sisters of Mercy in 1846 in downtown Chicago. Young women of all religions attended the school, including Bertha Honore who became the famous Mrs. Potter Palmer.
After its buildings burned down in the Great Chicago Fire of 1871, the school moved out to the Ridge that was quickly developing as a prime suburban spot.
Mt. Greenwood also boasts the Chicago High School for Agriculture Sciences, which opened in 1985. The establishment of this school was highly controversial and opposed by many of the people in the community, but today it is one of the highest ranking schools in the city.
This is just a beginning discussion of teachers and education institutions on the Ridge or connected to the community that were part of the development of the area.
There are many more stories to tell and no doubt the readers of this post have many interesting comments to add.
THIS IS GOING TO BE A VERY INTERESTING PROGRAM AND THERE ARE SEATS LEFT FOR FRIDAY NIGHT.
Yes, using all caps is "shouting," and that is what I am doing to call attention to this program.
Nestled away on a side street in Morgan Park is an old, old house, boarded up, holes in the roof. You can tell it was once a great house, and RHS researcher Tim Blackburn realized that and got curious about its background.
Tim researched the house and discovered an amazing history.
Now the question is, can it be saved? These kinds of discoveries and questions are part of the very foundation of the community.
– Carol Flynn, RHS Facebook Administrator
The Forgotten House from Our Community’s Founding
Friday, May 16, at 7:00p.m.
The Forgotten House from Our Community’s Founding
While on a run in August 2024, RHS board member Tim Blackburn jogged past a house in Morgan Park that he instantly knew was one of the earliest remaining homes in the Beverly Hills and Morgan Park area. His initial research determined the house had been moved to its current location, but discovering where it was moved from and its history turned out to be a 'needle in a haystack' investigation.
In this program, Tim will guide you through his journey to uncover the important origins of the house, built by one of the community’s earliest settler families just a few years after they aided Black freedom seekers nearby. Given the current condition of the house, this is a history you'll want to learn before it is possibly lost to time. Ridge Historical Society hopes that by educating about the history of this house, its legacy may be preserved.
Ridge Historical Society
10621 S. Seeley Ave., Chicago, IL 60643
Members: $10 | Non-members: $20 | Students under 18: $5
Get tickets online: https://bit.ly/MP-forgotten
RSVP: ridgehistory@hotmail.com 773.881.1675
Ridge Historical Society
The First Country Club on the Ridge: The Ellerslie Cross Country Club – Part 6 – Equestrian Events and Conclusion
By Carol Flynn
The Ellerslie Cross Country Club was the first country club to open on the Blue Island Ridge. It was located at the southwest corner of 91st Street and Western Avenue.
The Ellerslie Club was founded by a group of Irish American Catholic businessmen. The Irish did not yet live in Beverly in appreciable numbers, but the club was indicative of the social and business success that the Irish immigrants were achieving in the United States.
The Ellerslie Club was an early “country club” that introduced golf to its members, but they were also passionate about other sports, including coursing with greyhounds and equestrian sports.
The golf and coursing events at the Ellerslie Club were covered in previous posts. This post will look at the equestrian sports.
Of course, everyone back then was familiar with horses to an extent. Horses and carriages were still the primary means of private transportation in the 1890s, although the automobile industry was in its infancy and within a decade wealthy people would be driving Fords.
The English and the Irish, however, brought a great love for horses and horse sports with them to the U.S. Racing, polo, steeple chasing, fox hunting (“riding to the hounds”), and jumping competitions were all popular by the late 1800s.
Racetracks were already established around the city and suburbs, and clubs like Ellerslie offered other sports. Indeed, the “Cross Country” part of the Ellerslie name came from the pursuit of prey, whether an animal or some other target, like a church steeple, riding over fields, jumping fences and ditches, and splashing through streams.
The undeveloped southwest suburbs of Cook County offered a great terrain to indulge in these sports. One newspaper described them as open fields and prairies with few fences and just enough natural obstacles, like streams and wooded areas, to be interesting but not too dangerous.
To acknowledge local history, this was not the first time that “riding to the hounds” was an activity on the Ridge. Thomas Morgan brought greyhounds with him from England and led riding parties on the Ridge in the 1840s to hunt down and kill the local wolves that were here when the white settlers first arrived.
By the time of the Ellerslie Club, the wolves were long gone, and fox hunting was frowned upon because of the brutal killing of the fox. Protests by humane societies led to “fox hunts” with a person on horseback acting as the fox, leading a “paper chase” where scraps of paper were dropped to show the path the “fox” was taking. When dogs were involved, an alternative was to have the “fox” drag a bag filled with anise that the dogs were trained to sniff out and follow.
The Ellerslie members were known for their fine horses and riding skills; they were considered “crack riders,” the best of the best. One newspaper said they were as comfortable in saddles as in chairs.
Joseph Crennan, the first Ellerslie president, was the veteran rider of the Club, having participated in hunts at the famous Curragh of Kildare in Ireland. His favorite mount was a hunter named “The Doctor.” He also owned a famous gray horse named “Bowling Green.”
Patrick Lawler, considered the best all-around horseman in the Ellerslie Club, occasionally performed “amazing circus feats when the members needed talent at their county fairs.” His favorite horse was named “Cossack.” Lawlor was one of the first directors and a member of the first Sports and Pastimes Committee.
Thomas Keeley, the first treasurer of the Club, was said to have one of the finest stables in the country. His horses won competitions all over the country. One of his prize winners was named “Up-to-Date.”
Women participated in these events also, and they were excellent riders who surpassed many of the male riders. One of the women riders was Kate Keeley, sister to Thomas Keeley, who like her brother was known for keeping very fine horses, including a champion jumper named “Jupiter.” She also owned a famous gaited saddlehorse named “Indian Boy.”
The Ellerslie Club brought Patrick Lawler and Kate Keeley together; they married in 1903. They certainly shared common interests.
In 1899, a competition across fields in the north suburbs was won by Joseph Crennan, riding The Doctor.
The success of that event led the Ellerslie Club to stage its own cross-country hunt, with Crennan on The Doctor as the fox. From the Ellerslie stables, riders and dogs galloped southwest through the fields to the Midlothian Country Club which had been founded in 1898, then returned to Ellerslie. Other clubs in the area were invited to participate.
The Ellerslie Club held a similar hunt on Christmas Day in 1900, with nineteen riders and dogs racing across the fields to the stock farm owned by Henry Saxon, fifteen miles southwest of Beverly, where the riders enjoyed lunch before heading back to Ellerslie.
In 1901, the Ellerslie Club purchased its own pack of beagles, which were kept at the Longwood Kennels in Washington Heights, owned by Robert J. Hoodless. There they were trained to follow the scent of anise.
In 1902, the Club members took a four-day horseback trip with stops in Wheaton, Elgin, Lake Geneva, and Waukesha, where a dance was given in their honor.
The Ellerslie members also formed a “crack” polo team, according to the Chicago newspapers.
Polo was waning in Chicago, but the Ellerslie Club brought it back. After the initial lease of sixty acres of land, the Club leased thirty more acres to expand the golf course and add a polo field. Two hundred sheep were pastured there to keep the grass low.
The Club also bought twenty-five “broncho” polo ponies from the Indian Territories and Arizona that were the Club’s property, not individual owners, which were kept in the stables on the Club’s grounds.
A steeplechase course was set up around the perimeter of the polo field. Trap shooting was also added to the grounds.
Alas, the Ellerslie Cross Country Club came to an end in 1906-7.
On Saturday, July 7, 1906, the clubhouse was destroyed by fire. Members who were sleeping there that night all escaped safely.
It was reported that the club would seek a longer-term lease, and build a new clubhouse, but that did not happen. Ellerslie ceased operations around 1907.
By then, there were other country clubs on the Ridge.
The Ridge Country Club was organized in 1902 in Morgan Park, and in 1904, rented 60 acres of land in Beverly from 103rd Street to 106th Street, Seeley Avenue to Western Avenue. They built a clubhouse at 10302-04 S. Leavitt Street. They lost that lease in 1916, and moved to the present location at 103rd Street and California Avenue.
The Beverly Country Club started in 1907 at 87th Street and Western Avenue on land that had been the apple orchard on the John B. Sherman stock farm. Sherman was the founder of the Union Stockyards and some of his farm became Dan Ryan Woods.
Many of the Ellerslie Club members joined the South Shore Country Club at . They were not involved in the formation of the other country clubs on the Ridge.
By 1911, the Ahern family took over the land on which the Ellerslie Club had been located. They opened the Beverly Gardens restaurant there, with a small golf course, likely making use of the remains of the Ellerslie Club. They expanded and incorporated as the public Evergreen Golf Club in the 1920s.
Golf pro Anna May “Babe” Ahern and her brothers ran the club after their parents died. Babe Ahern was born in 1907, became a golf pro in the 1920s, and lived to the age of 103. At her death, the Village of Evergreen Park acquired the property and, amid much controversy, turned it into a strip mall.
George Wendt, the actor best known for playing Norm in the TV sit-com "Cheers" has died at the age of 76.
The Wendts were residents of the Beverly community. His father was in the real estate business and a veteran officer of the U.S. Navy, and a director at Beverly Bank. Mrs. Wendt, Loretta, was active with the Little Company of Mary Junior Service Club.
In 1955, they were living at 9126 S. Bishop Street. They then moved to 9201 S. Bell Ave. They went to Christ the King Church.
George was George Robert Wendt III, the oldest son, born October 17, 1948, with one older sister, and five younger sisters and two younger brothers. .
George graduated from a high school in Wisconsin, and received a B.A. in Economics from a college in Kansas City.
He joined the legendary Second City, where he started by sweeping floors. He went on to small roles in movies and television, then was cast as Norm Peterson in 1982. He earned six Emmy nominations for best supporting actor.
His wife was Bernadette Birkett and they had three children.
RIP George Wendt, aka Norm
Memorial Day 2025
This is Memorial Day weekend.
The purpose of Memorial Day is to remember the people who died while in military service to the United States of America.
Throughout its history, the Ridge communities have sacrificed many loved ones to U.S. military service.
Among the earliest settlers on the Ridge were the Rexford, Wilcox, Morgan, and Barnard families. They all had sons who left the family farms to fight on the side of the Union in the U.S. Civil War. They were all friends, and they fought together in various units.
The Rexford family came to the Ridge first, in 1834. According to an 1889 history, the Rexford brothers, Roscoe and Everett, were “delighted” to join their friends at Camp Smith, Cairo, Illinois, in July of 1861. But soon, youthful visions of camaraderie and glory gave way to the grim reality of war.
Roscoe died at the age of 21 in 1862, after the Battle of Fort Donelson at the Tennessee–Kentucky border. He died from an unspecified illness – two/thirds of Civil War fatalities were due to illnesses such as malaria, typhoid, and pneumonia. He is buried in Mt. Greenwood Cemetery
The Wilcox family, which arrived on the Ridge in 1844, sent four of five Wilcox brothers off to fight in the war. The other son remained home to run the farm, a common practice of the day.
Two Wilcox brothers never came home. John was killed in 1863 and buried at Chattanooga, Tennessee. Wilbur was killed in Mississippi in 1863.
The Morgan and Barnard families fared better. Of the five sons who collectively fought in the war, all survived. The Morgans arrived in 1844, and the Barnards in 1846, when William Barnard was hired to be a tutor for the younger Morgan children.
Roscoe Rexford and Wilbur Wilcox were both members of the Company A, First Illinois Artillery Volunteers (“Battery A”), along with their brothers and the “Morgan boys.”
There is a monument to Battery A at Rosehill Cemetery on the north side. The names of those who died in service are inscribed in the base. R. E. Rexford and W. J. Wilcox are listed.
John Wilcox fought under his friend, Daniel Barnard, who formed his own company, Company K, 88th Infantry, Illinois volunteers.
The Grand Army of the Republic (GAR) was founded in 1866 as a fraternal organization for veterans of the Union military. A local branch, Wilcox Post, No. 668, was founded in 1889, named in honor of the Wilcox brothers.
A stone and bronze marker listing the charter members, created in 1926, is installed at Ridge Park at 96th Street and Longwood Drive as part of a grouping of six memorial stones recognizing military service in various war periods. Daniel and Erastus Barnard, two of the Barnard brothers who were veterans and continued to live on the Ridge, are listed as charter members. The GAR dissolved in 1956 at the death of its last member.
This post cannot begin to list all of the U.S. military people from the Ridge who lost their lives in service to the country – World Wars I and II, Korea, Vietnam – there are hundreds of names on the list.
However, attention can be drawn to memorials that honor more recently fallen individuals.
At Beverly Park, 2460 West 102nd Street, Cpl. Connor T. Lowry, USMC, is recognized. Born in 1988, this young man was raised in Beverly. He lost his life in 2012 in Afghanistan while conducting combat operations.
First Lt. Derwin Williams of the Illinois Army National Guard was killed in Afghanistan in 2009. There is a monument to him at 98th Place and Throop Street.
Here is a list of many of the monuments to service personnel in and near this community. How many times do we walk by these monuments and statues and give them little regard?
Ridge Park – Six memorial stones, including one of the oldest on the Ridge, installed in 1926.
Graver Park – World War I
Kennedy Park – Korean War
Beverly Park – Connor T. Lowry, Afghanistan
Dan Ryan Woods – Gold Star Mothers
Morgan Park High School flagpole and inside exhibit – graduates and staff
112th Street and Lothair Ave. – Memorial Triangle
98th Place and Throop Street – Derwin Williams, Afghanistan
111th Street and Kedzie Avenue – American Legion
Memorial Park in Blue Island – Gravestones, memorials, artillery
97th Street and Kedzie Avenue – American Legion Post artillery and eternal flame
Mount Greenwood Cemetery – Civil War veterans’ graves and cannon replica
Mount Hope Cemetery – Civil War veterans section
Beverly Cemetery – Veterans monument
Lincoln Cemetery – James Harvey, U.S. Colored Troops
Mount Olivet Cemetery – “Doughboy” grave statues
Morgan Park Academy – graduates and staff
Memorial Day is not really about having a three-day weekend to kick off summer with a neighborhood run, then “sticking around” for a parade, then going home for a barbecue.
It is about recognizing the people who died to give us – ALL of us – the freedom to enjoy those kinds of events.
Friday, June 6, at 7:00 p.m.
Discover the History of your Chicago House
– Tim Blackburn, Researcher
Ridge Historical Society is repeating this very popular event. You will learn how to research the history of your Chicago home, including the architecture, construction, inhabitants, and owners.
You’ll receive a workbook and develop research methods that will help you gain a new understanding and appreciation for your home’s history. Tim will cover the research methods covered will be useful for anyone researching a building older than 1955 in Chicago. You’ll learn about building permits, local history, Chicago street renumbering, Sanborn maps, and more.
The Ridge Communities of Beverly Hills, Morgan Park, Washington Heights and Mount Greenwood have an incredible collection of homes and housing styles – many with a rich history.
Members: $10 | Non-members: $20 | Students under 18: $5 (Cash or Check at the door)
Ridge Historical Society
10621 S. Seeley Ave., Chicago, IL 60643
Get tickets online: https://bit.ly/home-history2
RSVP: ridgehistory@hotmail.com 773.881.1675
Student Entries for the 2025 National History competition
“Rights & Responsibilities”
Please join us to see what local students researched for this national competition. Ridge Historical Society (RHS) board members selected exhibits on a range of topics based on the 2025 theme “Rights & Responsibilities” to display.
Students and their parents will be there as well to share their work and answer questions. RHS will also have a short presentation of certificates to the students at 2pm, followed by refreshments.
Projects will be on display through August 31, 2025 during our regular open hours as well:
Sun. and Tue. 1pm to 4pm
Ridge Historical Society
10621 S. Seeley Ave., Chicago, IL 60643
FREE EVENT get tickets: https://bit.ly/students-25
RSVP: ridgehistory@hotmail.com 773.881.1675
Beverly/Morgan Park’s “Forgotten House” – Part 1
Today we begin a new series on the long-forgotten history of a house in the Beverly/Morgan Park community that was recently rediscovered.
Evidence strongly supports that the old, boarded up house at 1602 West 108th Place is the Erastus A. Barnard I House, built ca. 1865 by one of the first white families to live on the Blue Island Ridge. It originally stood on the southeast corner of 103rd Street and Longwood Drive, where today stands the Starbucks coffee shop that is built in the historic Christian Science Reading Room. It was moved to its current location in 1924.
This house embodies the spirit of the earliest days of the European immigrants and their descendants who created the communities known today as Beverly and Morgan Park.
The discovery was made by Ridge Historical Society (RHS) Board member Tim Blackburn, who has developed quite an eye for and knowledge of local architecture and history during his five years living in Morgan Park.
He recently gave a program on the house and the research he did to identify it. This first post will look at that research process, and the following posts will discuss the history of the house. This offers a wonderful case study of the type of research conducted by the historians at RHS.
Tim is a Chicago marathon runner, and his training runs take him all over the community, offering him the opportunity to observe the structures found here.
On one outing last summer, he headed down 108th Place between Prospect and Vincennes Avenues and noticed a house that was clearly very old that seemed out of place on that block.
He describes the house as Italianate in style, popular for houses from 1840 to 1885. The house was modernized at some point with a rolled steel frame front-bay window and shingle siding. The original siding would have been clapboard. The foundation appears to be quite old, perhaps Joliet or Blue Island limestone or dolomite.
He found the brackets along the roof and other details to be charming, but the lack of more decorative elements led him to believe it was an early farmhouse built before the boom of the 1870s – 1880s.
There was no information about the house in the RHS files, and the other historians at RHS (including the author of this post) were not familiar with the house.
He next looked at Sanborn fire insurance maps.
These are detailed maps of U.S. cities published by the Sanborn Map Company to help fire insurance companies assess their liability for underwriting coverage for fire risk. The maps date back to 1867 and are as recent as 1975 for Chicago. The maps stopped being used for insurance purposes in the 1960s but remain a valuable research tool.
Tim uses the Sanborn maps to understand building size and shape, to determine if a building has been altered, and even to determine if a building has been moved.
The 1911 Sanborn map shows that the lot the house is on was empty at that time. The street’s name, now 108th Place, was then Court Street.
The only other Sanborn map for this part of Morgan Park is from 1950, and the house does appear on that map.
Because the house clearly predated 1911, Tim realized the house had likely been moved to its current location. So now the questions were when, why, from where, and by whom was the house moved?
Tim thought of going through all of the Sanborn maps for the area for 1911 to look for a house with a shape matching the 1950 map, but each map only covers a small area, about a quarter to a half square mile, so that would have meant going through hundreds of pages. That would be a research project of last resort.
He then looked through a collection of almost 500 postcards of Morgan Park houses and buildings from 1909.
The originals of these real picture postcards are in the Chicago History Museum collection and RHS has photocopies of them. It is a fairly comprehensive collection of the houses in Morgan Park at the time, but there are some houses missing. There were no postcards that matched this house.
Tim also looked at building permits for the site. Building permits for houses in what was the Village of Morgan Park do not start until 1914 when Morgan Park was annexed to the City of Chicago. The Beverly area was annexed in 1889-1890.
He found one sundry permit from 1924 for what could have been that address but it was too faded to read. Sundry permits cover minor changes to a building.
Each research endeavor seemed to bring him back to ground zero.
To Tim’s practiced eye, the front window of the first floor of the house appeared to be from the 1920s, so Tim figured that perhaps the permit was for the modernizations.
Tim then turned to another source of information – old newspaper articles.
Several years ago, a former RHS Board member acquired a collection of 6 years of Weekly Review newspapers from the 1920s from Dan Brady and his furniture restoration business, Oddlie Limited, which was on 99th Street but closed in 2018. The Weekly Review was a precursor to the Beverly Review and Oddlie was located in a former Beverly Review office.
The newspapers are privately owned and not part of the RHS collection. The pages are very fragile so great care, patience, and time must be used to go through them.
The effort paid off.
Tim started with the 1924 papers, the year of the building permit. In the November 14, 1924, issue he found the article “Old Landmark at 103rd St. and Longwood Going.”
The article, one of the attachments to this post, reported that one of the oldest houses on the Ridge was being moved from its location at 103rd Street and Longwood Drive to 108th Place near Vincennes.
The article reported that the property had belonged to Erastus Barnard, and was sold to Caleb Gorton in 1872. Caleb’s daughter Lucy sold the property to realtor J. William Howard, who then sold the property to the Thirteenth Church of Christ, Scientist. The house was then sold to William H. Brown, whose business was moving houses.
Fact checking the article, Blackburn found the Cook County property transfer documents. Barnard did indeed sell the property to Gorton, but on June 23, 1879, not 1872, for $800.
The outline of the house at 103rd and Longwood on the 1911 Sanborn map perfectly matches the outline at 1602 W. 108th Place on the 1950 map, the house there today.
The next post will look at the Barnard Family and its importance to the history of the Ridge communities, and more documentation about the house.
Future posts in the series will cover the Gorton Family and William H. Brown, and what was entailed in moving a house like this in 1924. After that, the future of the house will be addressed.
It seems very likely that the old house at 1602 W. 108th Place is the Erastus A. Barnard I House, based on the information that has been found. While the RHS researchers are very confident of this identification, we do caution, however, that in the realm of history research, our evidence might not be considered 100% “proof.”
We will keep looking for additional documentation to substantiate our conclusions.
The program on the "Forgotten House" will be repeated at the Walker Branch Library on Saturday, June 28th, from 2:00 – 3:00 p.m.
Tim Blackburn will present his research that rediscovered the identity of the Erastus A. Barnard I House, built ca. 1865, one of the oldest houses in the community.
The Walker Branch Library is located at 11071 S. Hoyne Avenue. Admission to this library program is free.
Here is the link to the program details:
https://chipublib.bibliocommons.com/events/683a0ba4b354fd280022f257
Beverly/Morgan Park’s “Forgotten House” – Part 2The Barnard Family and Juneteenth
Today, June 19th, is “Juneteenth,” the day chosen to commemorate the end of slavery in the U.S. On June 19, 1865, the Emancipation Proclamation was enforced in Texas following the end of the U.S. Civil War.
This important date in U.S. history offers a good place to start with the history of Beverly/Morgan Park’s “forgotten house” and the family who built it.
The Erastus A. Barnard I House was introduced in the first post of this series. Recently rediscovered by RHS Board member Tim Blackburn, this house is located at 1602 West 108th Place in Morgan Park. Tim’s research found that the house was built ca. 1865 and moved to its present location in 1924.
The age of the house makes it important – it joins the list of less than 1,000 buildings in the city that pre-date the Great Chicago Fire of 1871. Considering there are around a half million structures in the city, this house is rare indeed.
The history of the Barnard Family that built the house also makes it important. They were among the earliest white settlers on the Blue Island Ridge.
The family story relates that William Barnard graduated from Amherst College in 1845 and decided to head out “west” to Iowa where many settlers were establishing farms.
In Chicago, a chance meeting with Thomas Morgan, the rich Englishman who had purchased around 3,000 acres of land on and around the Ridge, and whose family gave its name to Morgan Park, led William to instead move to the Ridge to become a tutor for the younger Morgan children.
William Barnard boarded with the Wilcox Family, another early family on the Ridge who had purchased land along the Vincennes Road in 1844 that included the Gardner House, a wayside stop for wagons and travelers making their way to and from Chicago, which was about twelve miles to the northeast.
William Barnard’s parents and his brothers and sisters came to Chicago in 1846 and settled around what today is 47th Street and Vincennes Avenue.
William Barnard bought his own property on the Ridge in 1851 and took up farming. He was joined by his brother Erastus, and William sold 80 acres of his land to Erastus in 1852.
Erastus’s land, adjacent to that of William, ran from what today is Wood Street on the east to Damen Avenue on the west, and from 103rd Street on the north to 107th Street on the south.
William and Erastus Barnard each married a Wilcox sister. William married Miranda Wilcox in 1852, and Erastus married Mary Lavinia Wilcox in 1862.
The Barnard/Wilcox families, fortunately, recorded their history on the Ridge. William and Miranda’s daughter Alice Sarah, born in 1854, was especially prolific in writing down family stories, and it is her retelling of family events in the 1860s that gives us a glimpse of life on the Ridge during the U.S Civil War, and allows us to make the connection to Juneteenth.
Alice’s stories relate to her family harboring fugitive slaves on their properties in the early 1860s, before the Civil War ended in 1865. Their properties were never official stops on the Underground Railroad, the secret network of routes and safe houses established to help slaves escape to freedom, which usually meant leaving the country.
Illinois was a “free state,” that is, slavery was not allowed; however, federal law protected the rights of slave owners in other states.
The Chicago area was a well-established thoroughfare for escaped slaves, often referred to as “freedom seekers” today to emphasize their inherent human right to freedom and not their illegal status as escaped property. The route through Chicago led north to freedom in Canada.
There were severe penalties, including steep fines and imprisonment, for anyone caught helping freedom seekers. As a result, people kept their efforts secret and didn’t even discuss them with neighbors.
Two Barnard/Wilcox family stories were passed down, dating from the early 1860s. The first came from Alice about the Gardner/Wilcox House: “When I was a little girl, standing by my mother, her brother in a tense whisper said something in her ear. With a look of surprise she said ‘Another?’ It was many years after, before I learned what this might mean.”
What Alice learned was that her uncle had discovered another escaped slave in an outbuilding of the Gardner-Wilcox House, which was located at what today is 9955 S. Beverly Avenue. That house was torn down in 1934, and a plaque commemorating its history is now part of the RHS collection.
The second story is attributed to Mary Lavinia Wilcox Barnard, Erastus’s wife, and was likely recorded by her niece Alice: “A few times my husband would find a fugitive slave laying in the hay of the manger where he could feel the warm breath of the cattle. We don’t know if the other farmers had similar experiences because we never told. You didn’t know which side they were on.”
The exact location of this early barn on the property of Erastus and Mary Lavinia is not known with complete certainty.
The three Barnard brothers, four of the five Wilcox brothers, and two Morgan brothers went off together to fight on the Union side in the Civil War. The Barnards and Morgans all returned home, but two Wilcox brothers lost their lives.
In the 1850s, Erastus Barnard had initially built a log cabin on his land. After he returned from the war in 1865, they built the house that now stands on 108th Place, that was moved from the corner of 103rd Street and Longwood Drive, but that might not have even been the first location of that house.
In the 1870s, they sold that house and some of their property, and built another house, the Erastus A. Barnard II House, between 103rd and 104th Streets on Wood Street. That house was moved to 10444 S. Wood Street, where it now stands, and substantially altered from the original.
It's likely that the first log cabin and the barn where the freedom seekers sought refuge were in the vicinity of 103rd – 104th Streets and Wood Street, closer to the Vincennes Road and the Gardner/Wilcox House. We do know that Erastus and Mary Lavinia always lived on that original 80-acre homestead.
If all of this seems confusing, don’t worry – there are often more questions than answers from some of this research. A timeline clarifying some of this is attached, and will be added to as the story progresses.
The next posts will cover more on the Barnards, and the history of the first Erastus A. Barnard I House, including moving it to its present location.